Background and Objectives: Microplastics have become one of the major and emerging ENVIRONMENTal challenges due to their ubiquity in the oceans and their ability to carry toxic chemicals. In recent decades, with increasing production and global demand for plastics, the entry of these materials into marine ENVIRONMENTs has increased dramatically. Therefore, due to the importance of the oceans and seas in terms of food supply and climate issues, the ENVIRONMENTal consequences of such wastes have been considered more than ever. The distant transport, persistence and universal dynamic forces of plastic remains are key aspects to considerate the fate of this material and any potential impacts of plastic remains on marine ecosystems. A plastic remains accumulates chemical contaminants,it is accepted to the world how plastic remains are considered toxic. Because of their potential to bioaccumulation, ingestion of micro plastics can enter human food chains via several pathways. Strategy for control of micro plastics pollution should mostly focus on source reduction and afterward on the development of cost-effective clean up and remediation technologies. Methods: The Discreaption Research Method has been implemented based on library resources, databases, and scientific reports. The hypothesis of this research is the existence of harmful effects of microplastics and its report by researchers. Findings: Microplastics have become one of the major ENVIRONMENTal challenges due to their ubiquity in the oceans and their ability to carry toxic chemicals. These pollutants pose a serious threat to the human food chain due to factors such as bioaccumulation and biomagnification. However, developing new methods to reduce the identified risks of bioplastics and microplastics is significant. Also, it should be assessed how intermediate plastic waste creates these key aspects for ENVIRONMENTal chemical pollutants. Conclusion: The term microplastic has only been widely used in the last two decades, although there are still many questions about the extent of their destructive effects. Therefore, due to the limitations of existing studies, further research on sample processing and analysis techniques to control and reduce the entry of microplastics into the water and food chain is needed until standardization and coordination for sampling and recognition of samples are carried out.

This experiment carried out to study the potential of water hyacinth in the removal of heavy metals cadmium and lead. The trial was performed as randomized complete block design with 6 treatments in triplicates in fall 2011 in Rasht city. The treatments were tap water, 2ppm Cadmium chloride, 4ppm Cadmium chloride, 4ppm Lead chloride, 8ppm Lead chloride, Cadmium chloride (2ppm) + Lead chloride (4ppm). Vegetative indexes (leaf size and sponge tissue diameter), leaf number, relative growth, bioconcentarion factor and metals content in plant tissues measured. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) used to measure absorbed elementts. Results showed that water hyacinth grows naturally in high levels of heavy metals, especially cadmium and lead. The growth rate and leaf size of water hyacinth under 2 mgl-1 cadmium chloride was about 22% more than plant growth in control conditions (tap water). Lead and cadmium uptake by plants was higher than other treatments under concentrations of 4 ppm and 8 ppm respectively. It seems water hyacinth is a phytoremediation plant and it has removal capability of some dangerous heavy metals. Therefore, it can recommend in contaminated ENVIRONMENTs.